Unraveling the Mind
Understanding neurodivergent thinking patterns is crucial for creating inclusive spaces where everyone can feel welcome, especially in church. In a recent episode of Indispensable People, we explored the fascinating world of special interests, hyperfocus, and perseveration—three interconnected but distinct aspects of neurodivergent experiences, particularly in individuals with autism and ADHD. These cognitive patterns impact how people interact with the world around them, and understanding them can help us build bridges rather than barriers.
Special interests represent areas of intense passion and focus that can last for years or even a lifetime. For individuals with autism or ADHD, these are not merely hobbies but profound sources of joy, purpose, and self-regulation. Take my son Noah, for example, whose deep knowledge of computers and video games extends far beyond my comprehension—so much so that I once googled a term he used because I thought he might be making it up! His special interest has become a pathway to his future career in cybersecurity, demonstrating how these focused passions can evolve into meaningful life directions. Special interests provide individuals with opportunities to develop expertise and find purpose, something we should celebrate rather than discourage.
Hyperfocus describes the intense state of concentration that occurs when someone becomes deeply absorbed in an activity. During this state, individuals may lose track of time, ignore environmental cues, or neglect basic needs like eating or sleeping. While this level of focus can be a tremendous strength in certain contexts—imagine the productivity and innovation possible when someone is fully immersed in their work—it can also lead to imbalance and burnout if not managed properly. Understanding that hyperfocus is a neurological phenomenon rather than a choice helps us respond with compassion rather than frustration when someone seems "stuck" in an activity or unable to transition when needed.
Perseveration—sometimes called "looping" in newer autism terminology—involves the involuntary repetition of actions, thoughts, or speech patterns. Unlike special interests, which are chosen areas of focus, perseveration is typically triggered by stress, anxiety, or sensory overload. It's not a stubborn behavior but an automatic, involuntary response stemming from how the brain processes information during times of distress. Recognizing perseveration as a coping mechanism rather than deliberate behavior changes how we respond to it. Instead of focusing on stopping the behavior, we can address the underlying triggers such as anxiety, sensory overload, or difficulties with cognitive flexibility.
The impact of these cognitive patterns extends far beyond the individual. In ministry settings, understanding whether someone is engaging with a special interest, experiencing hyperfocus, or struggling with perseveration allows us to provide appropriate support. We can leverage special interests to build relationships and engagement, help manage hyperfocus with gentle transitions and reminders, and respond to perseveration by addressing underlying anxiety rather than just the behavior itself. Simple interventions like visual timers, scheduled breaks, or sensory tools can make environments more accessible and comfortable.
Creating truly inclusive churches requires us to recognize that neurodivergent thinking isn't something to be "fixed" but rather understood and accommodated. When we approach differences with curiosity rather than judgment, we open doors for everyone to participate fully. As churches, we have both the responsibility and opportunity to ensure that every person, regardless of neurological differences, has access to spiritual community and growth. The shocking statistic that over 80% of Americans with disabilities are not found within church walls should motivate us to examine our practices and environments. By breaking down barriers—both physical and attitudinal—we fulfill our mission to make Jesus accessible to all people, recognizing that diversity is not accidental but intentional in God's design.
